Spitzer discovers strange new “species” of ultra-red galaxies

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:12/2/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Comet Garradd in Transition

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Sky & Telescope January 2012

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Solar Eclipse over Antarctica

Solar Eclipse over Antarctica Solar Eclipse over Antarctica



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The week in pictures: November 19–December 2, 2011

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:12/2/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

Comet Garradd in Transition

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

Enceladus Gives Cassini Some Radar Love

New images of Encealdus' south pole show high amounts of surface texturing. NASA/JPL-Caltech/SSI.

Cassini’s done it again! Soaring over Saturn’s moon Enceladus back on November 6, the spacecraft obtained the highest-resolution images yet of the moon’s south polar terrain, revealing surface details with visible, infrared and radar imaging that have never been seen before.

(…)
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Young Moon Meets Evening Star

Now appearing as planet Earth's evening star, brilliant Now appearing as planet Earth’s evening star, brilliant



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Vrooming over Vivid Vestan Vistas in Vibrant 3 D – Video

Vivid Vesta Vista in Vibrant 3 D from NASA’s Dawn Asteroid Orbiter
The image was taken at an altitude of about 1,700 miles (2,700 kilometers). To view in 3-D use red-green, or red-blue, glasses (left eye: red; right eye: green/blue). Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA.
View 3 D Vesta Video below

It’s time to put on your 3-D glasses and go soaring all over the giant asteroid Vesta – thanks to the superlative efforts of Dawn’s international science team.

Now you can enjoy vivid ‘Vestan Vistas’ like you’ve never ever seen before in a vibrant 3 D video newly created by Dawn team member Ralf Jaumann, of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Berlin, Germany – see below.

To fully appreciate the rough and tumble of the totally foreign and matchless world that is Vesta, you’ll absolutely have to haul out your trusty red-cyan (or red-blue) 3 D anaglyph glasses. (…)
Read the rest of Vrooming over Vivid Vestan Vistas in Vibrant 3 D – Video (921 words)


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Curiosity Rover Lifts Off for Mars

Next stop: Mars. Next stop: Mars.



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“Sayonara” to Akari Space Telescope

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

“Sayonara” to Akari Space Telescope

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Space station provides insight into flame behavior

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/30/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

NASA Planetary Science Trio Honored as ‘Best of Whats New’ in 2011- Curiosity/Dawn/MESSENGER

Popular Science magazine names NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory, Dawn and MESSENGER missions as ‘Best of What’s New’ in innovation in 2011. Artist concept shows mosaic of MESSENGER, Mars Science Laboratory and Dawn missions. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

A trio of NASA’s Planetary Science mission’s – Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), Dawn and MESSENGER – has been honored by Popular Science magazine and selected as ‘Best of What’s New’ in innovation in 2011 in the aviation and space category.

The Curiosity Mars Science Laboratory was just launched to the Red Planet on Saturday, Nov. 26 and will search for signs of life while traversing around layered terrain at Gale Crater. Dawn just arrived in orbit around Asteroid Vesta in July 2011. MESSENGER achieved orbit around Planet Mercury in March 2011.

Several of the top mission scientists and engineers provided exclusive comments about the Popular Science recognitions to Universe Today. (…)
Read the rest of NASA Planetary Science Trio Honored as ‘Best of Whats New’ in 2011- Curiosity/Dawn/MESSENGER (726 words)


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Microscopic Worms May Help to Colonize Mars

A Caenorhabditis elegans worm. Credit: Wikimedia Commons

Once the realm of science fiction, the prospect of colonizing other planets is getting closer to reality. The most logical first place, besides the Moon, has always been Mars. Venus is a bit closer, but the scorching conditions there are, well, much less than ideal. There is still technology that needs to be developed before we can send humans to Mars at all, never mind stay there permanently. But now there may be help from an unlikely and lowly companion. - worms.

(…)
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Good and Bad News Comes With NASA’s 2012 Budget

An Artist's Conception of the James Webb Space Telescope. Credit: ESA.

On November 14, President Obama signed an Appropriations bill that solidified NASA’s budget for fiscal year 2012. The space agency will get $ 17.8 billion. That’s $ 648 million less than last year’s funding and $ 924 million below what the President had asked for. But its still better than the $ 16.8 billion proposed earlier this year by the House of Representatives.

To most people, $ 17.8 billion is a huge amount of money. And it absolutely is, but not when you’re  NASA and have multiple programs and missions to fund. So where does it all go?(…)
Read the rest of Good and Bad News Comes With NASA’s 2012 Budget (443 words)


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Go west to see a total eclipse of the Moon

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/30/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Canary Islands Antenna Being Modified to Boost Signal to Struggling Russian Mars Probe

Maspalomas station hosts a 15-metre antenna with reception in S- and X-Band and transmission in S-band. It is located on the campus of the Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aerospacial (INTA), in the southern part of the Canary Islands' Gran Canaria, at Montaña Blanca.Credit: ESA

Editor’s note: Dr. David Warmflash, principal science lead for the US team from the LIFE experiment on board the Phobos-Grunt spacecraft, provides an update on the mission for Universe Today.

As part of an effort to improve communication with the Russian Space Agency’s Phobos-Grunt spacecraft, modifications are being made to a 15-meter dish antenna at Maspalomas station. Located in the Canary Islands off the Atlantic coast of North Africa, the station provides tracking, telemetry, and other functions in support of the European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) of the European Space Agency (ESA).

Last week, ESA succeeded in communicating with Phobos-Grunt on two successive days after a feedhorn antenna was added to an antenna near Perth, Australia similar to the facility in Maspalomas. Although this enabled the downloading of spacecraft telemetry, attempts later in the week to make renewed contact failed. After no attempts were made over the weekend, commands aimed at getting the spacecraft to boost its orbit were sent yesterday, also from Perth, but tracking this morning revealed that the commands had not been executed.
(…)
Read the rest of Canary Islands Antenna Being Modified to Boost Signal to Struggling Russian Mars Probe (303 words)


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Across the Center of Centaurus A

A fantastic jumble of young blue star clusters, A fantastic jumble of young blue star clusters,



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Curiosity Mars Rover Launch Gallery – Photos and Videos

NASA’s Curiosity Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover blasts off on Nov. 26. NASA's 1 ton Curiosity Mars rover soars skyward lift bound for Mars atop the United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket at Space Launch Complex 41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida at 10:02 a.m. EST on Nov. 26. Credit: Alan Walters/awaltersphoto.com

NASA’s Curiosity Mars Science Lab (MSL) rover is speeding away from Earth on a 352-million-mile (567-million-kilometer) journey to Mars following a gorgeous liftoff from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket at 10:02 a.m. EST on Nov. 26.

Enjoy the gallery of Curiosity launch images collected here from the Universe Today team and local photographers as well as NASA and United Launch Alliance. (…)
Read the rest of Curiosity Mars Rover Launch Gallery – Photos and Videos (624 words)


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Phobos-Grunt’s failure

It seems Russia just can’t catch a break, at least as far as Mars is concerned. Its latest venture to the Red Planet, the Phobos-Grunt probe, has stalled out in Earth orbit almost certainly dead, and it’ll probably crash back to our planet.

The ambitious Russian probe Phobos-Grunt got stuck in Earth orbit and will probably end up crashing back down, adding to a string of Mars-related failures. // Illustration courtesy Russian Federal Space Agency (Roskosmos)When it launched November 8, the mission was supposed to be Russia’s return to form. The ambitious schedule had Phobos-Grunt (literally “Phobos-Soil” in Russian) enter Mars orbit in 2012, land on the martian moon Phobos in 2013, and return a soil sample to Earth in 2014. Even the firing of its boosters was to be a fine event, with amateur astronomers in the Western Hemisphere asked to record their observations.

Unfortunately for Russia (as well as China and the Planetary Society, which both had scientific cargo aboard Phobos-Grunt), the probe’s boosters didn’t fire after launch, for still unknown reasons. It’s now too late for the mission ever to reach Mars, and the hardware itself will likely return to Earth in the coming months. Such a crash landing would be unusually dangerous, partly because of its unpredictability and partly because of the toxic fuel still aboard.

Space enthusiasts and scientists are not only disappointed, but some interested parties are, apparently, pretty angry. “We need to carry out a detailed review and punish those guilty,” Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said this weekend, according to Reuters. He’s considering criminal punishment, but reassuringly suggested stopping short of putting anyone “up against the wall.”

It’s easy to forget sometimes just how difficult these missions are, and sometimes NASA and the European Space Agency (and others) make it look easy. Phobos-Grunt may be one more casualty of the rigors of space travel, but with any luck, it’ll be one of the last.


Astronomy.com blog

One promising puzzle piece for confirming dark matter now seems unlikely fit

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/29/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

“Star Wars” Laser Methods Tracks Greenhouse Gases

A green laser was used to guide the invisible infrared beam from La Palma to Tenerife as part of an experiment to test a new satellite concept for measuring atmospheric greenhouse gases and turbulence. Credits: ESA

It may have looked like a futuristic scene from Star Wars, but ESA’s latest technique for aiding space exploration might shed some “green light” on greenhouse gases. A recent experiment involving the Spanish Canary Islands was conducted by shooting laser beams from a peak on La Palma to Tenerife. The two-week endeavor not only increased the viability of using laser pulses to track satellites, but increased our understanding of Earth’s atmosphere. (…)
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In the heart of Cygnus, Fermi reveals a cosmic-ray cocoon

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/29/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Positron Signaling For Dark Matter Inconclusive

The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly called GLAST). Credit: NASA

A couple of years ago, the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics, PAMELA, sent us back some curious information… an overload of anti-matter in the Milky Way. Why does this member of the cosmic ray spectrum have interesting implications to the scientific community? It could mean the proof needed to confirm the existence of dark matter. (…)
Read the rest of Positron Signaling For Dark Matter Inconclusive (688 words)


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A Landslide on Asteroid Vesta

Asteroid Vesta is home to some of the most impressive cliffs in the Solar System. Asteroid Vesta is home to some of the most impressive cliffs in the Solar System.



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NASA launches most capable and robust rover to Mars

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/28/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Life on Alien Planets May Not Require a Large Moon After All

Earth and Moon. Credit: NASA

Ever since a study conducted back in 1993, it has been proposed that in order for a planet to support more complex life, it would be most advantageous for that planet to have a large moon orbiting it, much like the Earth’s moon. Our moon helps to stabilize the Earth’s rotational axis against perturbations caused by the gravitational influence of Jupiter. Without that stabilizing force, there would be huge climate fluctuations caused by the tilt of Earth’s axis swinging between about 0 and 85 degrees.

But now that belief is being called into question thanks to newer research, which may mean that the number of planets capable of supporting complex life could be even higher than previously thought.

(…)
Read the rest of Life on Alien Planets May Not Require a Large Moon After All (322 words)


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A tiny flame shines light on supernova explosions

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/28/2011
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Astrobiologists discover “sweet spots” for the formation of complex organic molecules in the galaxy

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/7/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Mars Trek – Curiosity Poised to Search for Signs of Life

Atlas V rocket and Curiosity Mars rover poised at Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral, Florida. Curiosity is set to blast off to Mars on Nov. 26, 2011. Credit: Ken Kremer

‘Mars Trek – Curiosity’s Search for Undiscovered Life’ has its galaxy wide premiere Saturday morning Nov. 26 at 10:02 a.m. EST – live on NASA TV.

NASA’s quest ‘In Search of Life’ takes a bold leap in less than 12 hours with the Nov. 26 blastoff of “Curiosity”, the most complex and scientifically advanced robotic explorer ever sent to survey the surface of another world. The 103 minute launch window closes at 11:45 a.m. EST.

Curiosity and the United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket that will thrust her to the Red Planet are poised for liftoff after being rolled out to Space Launch Complex 41 around 8 a.m. this morning under the watchful eyes of ground crews, mission scientists, reporters and photographers. (…)
Read the rest of Mars Trek – Curiosity Poised to Search for Signs of Life (786 words)


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Shuttle Plume Shadow Points to the Moon

Why would the shadow of a Why would the shadow of a



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Astrophoto: Say Hello to Albireo!

Double star Albireo by RickJ

Double star Albireo. Image Credit: RickJ

RickJ submitted this amazing image of the double star Albireo through the Bad Astronomy and Universe Today forum.

“I only had about 20 minutes before the target I wanted would be getting too close the the meridian to get much on the east side before it went into the “Meridian Tree”. It would be too low when it came out the west side. So twiddle my thumbs for 20 minutes or find something to image. I chose the latter. I took 15 minutes (5, one minute shots in each color) of Alberio. I actually ended up processing them.”

Albireo is located 380 light-years away from the Earth in the constellation Cygnus. It is composed of two stars that have different temperatures, an orange-red giant star Albireo A and a blue Be star Albireo B. It was discovered in 1976 that Albireo A is a binary star system.

Albireo is an amazing target for the viewing public because it easily resolves into a double star when observed through a telescope.

Here are some additional specs provided by RickJ:

14″ L200R @ f/10, RGB=5×1′, STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Want to get your astrophoto featured on Universe Today? Join our Flickr group, post in our Forum or send us your images by email (this means you’re giving us permission to post them). Please explain what’s in the picture, when you took it, the equipment you used, etc.



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Curiosity Majestically Blasts off on ‘Mars Trek’ to ascertain ‘Are We Alone?’

Curiosity Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover blasts off on Mars Trek
NASA's Mars Science Laboratory spacecraft, sealed inside its payload fairing atop the United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket, clears the tower at Space Launch Complex 41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.The mission lifted off at 10:02 a.m. EST on Nov. 26, beginning an eight-month interplanetary cruise to Mars. Credit: Mike Deep/David Gonzales
Send Ken your launch images to post at Universe Today
Updated with more photos

Atop a towering inferno of sparkling flames and billowing ash, Humankinds millennial long quest to ascertain “Are We Alone ?” soared skywards today (Nov. 26) with a sophisticated spaceship named ‘Curiosity’ – NASA’s newest, biggest and most up to date robotic surveyor that’s specifically tasked to hunt for the ‘Ingredients of Life’ on Mars, the most ‘Earth-like’ planet in our Solar System.

‘Mars Trek – Curiosity’s Search for Undiscovered Life’ zoomed to the heavens with today’s (Nov. 26) pulse pounding blastoff of NASA’s huge Curiosity Mars rover mounted atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket at 10:02 a.m. EST from Space Launch Complex 41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.(…)
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Tour December’s Sky by Eye and Ear!

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Astronomy Without A Telescope – The Progenitor Problem

DEM L71 – a Type 1a supernova remnant. Analysis of the outer shockwave and inner ejecta indicate the remnant material does not greatly exceed 1 solar mass – and it contains a high iron to silicon/oxygen ratio. This all suggests that the progenitor star was a compact white dwarf. But, apart from that, the steps that led up to the explosion are a mystery (Credit: NASA/Chandra).

With so much of our current understanding of the universe based on Type 1a supernovae data, a good deal of current research is focused upon just how standard these supposed standard candles are. To date, the weight of analysis seems reassuring – apart from a few outliers, the supernovae do all seem very standard and predictable.

However, some researchers have come at this issue from a different perspective by considering the characteristics of the progenitor stars that produce Type 1a supernovae. We know very little about these stars. Sure, they are white dwarfs that explode after accumulating extra mass – but just how this outcome is reached remains a mystery.(…)
Read the rest of Astronomy Without A Telescope – The Progenitor Problem (520 words)


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Pelican Nebula Close Up

The prominent ridge of emission featured in The prominent ridge of emission featured in



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Curiosity Heads for Mars

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

NASA ready for November launch of car-sized Mars rover

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/14/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Curiosity Heads for Mars

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Lutetia: A rare survivor from the birth of Earth

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/14/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Video: Curiosity Rover Launches to Mars

The Mars Science Laboratory is now on an 8.5 month trip to Mars! Watch the successful launch above, and our on-site team of Ken Kremer, Alan Walters, David Gonazales and Jason Rhian will provide all the launch details and more in subsequent, fact- and photo-filled articles.

Below is an incredible video of when the MSL spacecraft separated from the Centaur rocket:
(…)
Read the rest of Video: Curiosity Rover Launches to Mars (0 words)


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Tour December’s Sky by Eye and Ear!

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

The View from Chajnantor

The View from Chajnantor The View from Chajnantor



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This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

A Glimpse of CLIMSO

A tantalizing glimpse inside this dome was captured after A tantalizing glimpse inside this dome was captured after



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Black Friday’s Partial Solar Eclipse

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Black Friday’s Partial Solar Eclipse

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

The cool clouds of Carina

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/16/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Cassini chronicles the life and times of Saturn’s giant storm

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/21/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Curiosity Rover ‘Locked and Loaded’ for Quantum Leap in Pursuit of Martian Microbial Life

Curiosity – NASA’s Next Mars Rover in Pursuit of Martian Microbes
This artist concept features NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover, a mobile robot for investigating Mars' past or present ability to sustain microbial life. In this picture, the rover examines a rock on Mars with a set of tools at the end of the rover's arm, which extends about 2 meters (7 feet).
Credit: NASA, JPL-Caltech

NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover, the most technologically complex and scientifically capable robot built by humans to explore the surface of another celestial body, is poised to liftoff on Nov. 26 and will enable a quantum leap in mankind’s pursuit of Martian microbes and signatures of life beyond Earth.

“The Mars Science Lab and the rover Curiosity is ‘locked and loaded’, ready for final countdown on Saturday’s launch to Mars,” said Colleen Hartman, assistant associate administrator in NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, at a pre-launch media briefing at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC).

The $ 2.5 Billion robotic explorer remains on track for an on time liftoff (…)
Read the rest of Curiosity Rover ‘Locked and Loaded’ for Quantum Leap in Pursuit of Martian Microbial Life (1,260 words)


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Another Origin for Cosmic Rays

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Caught in the Afterglow

In this In this



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Another Origin for Cosmic Rays

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

NASA orbiter catches Mars sand dunes in motion

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/21/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Thankful Astronomer

The Milky Way from Earth. Image Credit: Kerry-Ann Lecky Hepburn (Weather and Sky Photography)

Typically, I’ve been known as the Angry Astronomer. But since it’s Thanksgiving here in the US, I figured I should take a break and remind everyone that there’s a lot to be thankful for.

(…)
Read the rest of Thankful Astronomer (448 words)


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Forget Exomoons. Let’s talk Exorings

An artist impression of an exomoon orbiting an exoplanet, could the exoplanet's wobble help astronomers? (Andy McLatchie)

In an article earlier this month, I discussed the potential for discovering moons orbiting extrasolar planets. I’d used an image of an exoplant system with rings, prompting one reader to ask if those would be possible to detect. Apparently he wasn’t the only person wondering. A new paper looks more at exomoons and explores exoring systems.

(…)
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Astrophoto: Tadpoles in Auriga by John R. Taylor

Astrophoto: Tadpoles in Auriga by John R. Taylor

Tadpole Nebula and the constellation Auriga by John R. Taylor

This image of the Tadpole nebula, also known as IC 410, and the constellation Auriga was generated from 3 days of imaging by John R. Taylor on November 1, 17 and 18, 2011.

“Took some time to capture enough data for an image – really grey, damp, misty & miserable for most of November so far. Still, shouldn’t complain too much as this time last year we were 10 days away from the coldest spell since the last ice age.”

IC 410 is an emission nebula located 12,000 light-years away in the northern part of constellation Auriga. It was called the Tadpole nebula because of the notable tadpole shapes which were said to potentially host star formation.

Here are a few more details provided by John:
18 x 10 minutes Ha
18 x 10 minutes OIII
12 x 10 minutes SII (cut short by cloud)

Orion ED80T CF & Atik 314l+, processed in Pixinsight and Photoshop CS5.

You can check out more of John’s astrophotos from his Flickr page.

This image was dedicated to John’s old & good friend Martin Croskell (1976 – 2011).

Want to get your astrophoto featured on Universe Today? Join our Flickr group, post in our Forum or send us your images by email (this means you’re giving us permission to post them). Please explain what’s in the picture, when you took it, the equipment you used, etc.



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Thanksgiving Greetings from the Space Station



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A Dawn Eclipse of the Moon

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

Hubble finds stellar life and death in a globular cluster

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/23/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

A Dawn Eclipse of the Moon

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Transit of Venus: June 5-6, 2012

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Airborne observatory views star-forming region W40

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/23/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Leonid Fireball over Tenerife

Leonid Fireball over Tenerife Leonid Fireball over Tenerife



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NGC 1846 – Hubble Reveals Peculiar Life And Death Of A Stellar Population

NASA's Hubble Finds Stellar Life and Death in a Globular Cluster – Credit: HST/NASA

About 160,000 light years away in the direction of southern constellation Doradus, sits a globular cluster. It’s not a new target for the Hubble Space Telescope, but it has had a lot to say for itself over the last twelve years. It’s actually part of the Large Magellanic Cloud, but it’s no ordinary ball of stars. When it comes to age, this particular region is mighty complex… (…)
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Transit of Venus: June 5-6, 2012

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter camera team releases high-resolution global topographic map of the Moon

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/22/2011
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New NASA missions to investigate how Mars turned hostile

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/22/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Name That Telescope Array

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

ISS Crew May Be Forced to Take Shelter from Space Debris

The International Space Station. Credit: NASA

What a fine welcome for the new crew on board the ISS: The three astronauts/cosmonauts on the space station may have to take shelter in their Soyuz spacecraft early Wednesday morning (Nov. 23), due to a close flyby or even a possible collision with a piece of space debris. Mission Control called up to the Expedition 30 at 2:06 pm EST today (Nov. 22), saying it was too late to do a debris avoidance maneuver with the entire station, and the crew should be ready to “shelter in place” in the Soyuz vehicle.
(…)
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Name That Telescope Array

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Mars Rover Finds a Turkey Haven for the Holiday

A region on the rim of Endeavour Crater on Mars that has been named 'Turkey Haven,' Credit: NASA/JPL, colorization by Stu Atkinson.

What does a Mars Rover do for the Thanksgiving holiday? While one rover will be sitting on the launchpad, preparing to head to the Red Planet (MSL/ Curiosity) the Opportunity rover has now trekked to an enticing outcrop near the summit of Cape York on the rim of Endeavour Crater. This summit or ridge has been named “Turkey Haven” by the MER science team, as this is where Oppy will conduct scientific studies over the four-day-long US holiday. The image above was taken a few days ago, showing the Turkey Haven ridge. Our pal Stu Atkinson has provided a beautiful color rendering, and you can see all the rocks that the rover will be looking at more closely with its suite of instruments and cameras. You can see more images of this area, including 3-D versions on Stu’s site, Road to Endeavour.

Oppy is now sitting among these rocks studying the outcrop region seen on the left.

And there’s other enticing regions ahead to study as well.
(…)
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Detecting Earth

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Around the World in 90 Minutes

What is it What is it



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Are Pulsars Giant Permanent Magnets?

The Vela Pulsar contains a neutron star – the remains of a supernova explosion. Seen in this X-ray image from the Chandra observatory is a jet emitted from one of the neutron star’s rotational poles. Image Credit: NASA/CXC/PSU/G.Pavlov et al.

Some of the most bizarre phenomenon in the universe are neutron stars. Very few things in our universe can rival the density in these remnants of supernova explosions. Neutron stars emit intense radiation from their magnetic poles, and when a neutron star is aligned such that these “beams” of radiation point in Earth’s direction, we can detect the pulses, and refer to said neutron star as a pulsar.

What has been a mystery so far, is how exactly the magnetic fields of pulsars form and behave. Researchers had believed that the magnetic fields form from the rotation of charged particles, and as such should align with the rotational axis of the neutron star. Based on observational data, researchers know this is not the case.

Seeking to unravel this mystery, Johan Hansson and Anna Ponga (Lulea University of Technology, Sweden) have written a paper which outlines a new theory on how the magnetic fields of neutron stars form. Hansson and Ponga theorize that not only can the movement of charged particles form a magnetic field, but also the alignment of the magnetic fields of components that make up the neutron star – similar to the process of forming ferromagnets.
(…)
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NASA budget controversy 2012 — the results

For months now, professional scientists and astronomy enthusiasts alike have awaited the result of congressional negotiations over NASA’s 2012 fiscal year budget. The big question: Would the troubled James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the space agency’s replacement for Hubble, survive the cut after major overspending? Would preparations for JWST end up stealing money from other science programs should Congress continue its funds?

The James Webb Space Telescope will continue to receive funding for its planned 2018 launch, but at the cost of some other science programs. // Illustration by NASAOver the summer, Congress was divided: The Senate wanted to keep it, but the House wanted to give it the axe, which caused quite the stir in the astronomy community. When President Obama signed the final budgetary measure into law Friday, JWST’s fate was (temporarily) sealed: It will survive.

According to the bill, NASA will get $ 17.8 billion in 2012, which is $ 684 million below the agency’s 2011 funding and $ 924 million less than what the White House had requested, with specifications as followed:

- Manned space exploration will receive $ 3.8 billion, down $ 30 million from last year. This includes NASA’s recently announced Space Launch System (SLS), which is budgeted for $ 1.8 billion, and its Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle, which receives $ 1.2 billion.

- Congress budgeted $ 4.2 billion for space operations, some $ 1.3 billion less than last year (partly due to the end of the Space Shuttle Program).  The loser in this category is NASA’s Commercial Crew and Cargo Program, which funds private-enterprise initiatives for space exploration, such as Space X. This program will get less than half of the $ 850 million the president had wanted — only $ 406 million.

- Science programs, including JWST, are budgeted for $ 5.1 billion, up $ 155 million from last year. Of this, $ 529.6 million will go to JWST ($ 156 million more than the White House requested), $ 1.77 billion to Earth science ($ 30 million less than requested), $ 1.5 billion to planetary science ($ 40 million less than requested), and $ 672 million to astrophysics ($ 10.7 million less than requested). The overview of the bill includes some explicit language: “The agreement accommodates cost growth in the James Webb Space Telescope by making commensurate reductions in other programs, and institutes several new oversight measurements for JWST’s continuing development.”

So, what does this mean? First, Congress seems to be more concerned with government manned space programs than it is with cooperating with private companies (not a great plan, in my opinion). And although JWST survives, it will be under close watch going forward (good) and will cause delays in some other science programs in order to launch by 2018 (bad).

What are your thoughts on the results of the 2012 budget measure? Do you think Congress made good or bad decisions? Will we go through another budget controversy in another year? Share your thoughts in the comments section below.


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Cygnus X-1, Exactly

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Cygnus X-1, Exactly

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Black Friday’s Secret Solar Eclipse

Annular solar eclipse observed by the Hinode spacecraft on Jan. 6, 2011. Credit: Hinode/XRT

While many in the U.S. will be recovering from Thanksgiving day meals and looking for ways to stretch their holiday shopping dollars during (hopefully local) retailers’ “Black Friday” sales, the face of the Sun will grow dark as the Moon passes in front of it, casting its shadow over the Earth. But it won’t be visible to American shoppers – or very many people at all, in fact… this eclipse will be hiding in the southern skies above Antarctica!

(…)
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W5: Pillars of Star Formation

How do stars form? How do stars form?



APOD

Magnetic fields set the stage for the birth of new stars

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/16/2011
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Cosmic particle accelerators get things going

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/17/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Europa’s Subsurface Lakes

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Curiosity Powered Up for Martian Voyage on Nov. 26 – Exclusive Message from Chief Engineer Rob Manning

Last View of Curiosity Mars Science Laboratory Rover before folding for Martian Journey
Up Close with Curiosity inside the clean room at the Kennedy Space Center in the last hours before she was folded up for the final time prior to encapsulation in the aeroshell for the long interplanetary journey to Mars. Credit: Ken Kremer
Meet Chief Engineer Rob Manning and other members of the Curiosity Mars Rover Engineering Team at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the video below titled – The Challenges of Getting to Mars

Read Rob Manning’s special greeting about Curiosity to readers of Universe Today.

“We are ready and so is Curiosity !”

- – Says Rob Manning, Curiosity Chief Engineer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif – in an exclusive to Universe Today for all fans of Curiosity and the unprecedented voyage of Science and Discovery about to take flight to Mars on November 26. Manning was also the Chief Engineer for the Entry, Descent and Landing (EDL) of NASA’s phenomenally successful Spirit, Opportunity and Phoenix Mars robotic explorers.

Read Rob Manning’s special greeting about Curiosity to readers of Universe Today below.

Meet Rob and other JPL Mars engineers in the cool Video describing the ‘Challanges of Getting to Mars’ – below(…)
Read the rest of Curiosity Powered Up for Martian Voyage on Nov. 26 – Exclusive Message from Chief Engineer Rob Manning (710 words)


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Astronomers Complete the Puzzle of Black Hole Description

The optical image on the left, from the Digitized Sky Survey, shows Cygnus X-1 outlined in a red box located near large active regions of star formation in the Milky Way that spans 700 light-years across. An artist’s illustration on the right depicts what astronomers believe is happening within the Cygnus X-1 system with the black hole pulling material from a massive, blue companion star. This material forms a disk (shown in red and orange) that rotates around the black hole before falling into it or being directed away in the form of powerful jets. Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC; Optical: Digitized Sky Survey.

Light may not be able to escape a black hole, but now enough information has escaped one black hole’s clutches that astronomers have, for the first time, been able to provide a complete description of it. A team of astronomers from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) and San Diego State University have made the most accurate measurements ever of X-ray binary system Cygnus X-1, allowing them to unravel the longstanding mysteries of its black hole and to retrace its history since its birth around six million years ago.
(…)
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Carnival of Space #224

A brand new Carnival of Space! This one is hosted by Sarah Scoles and Brooke Napier from the Smaller Questions blog.

Click here to read the Carnival of Space #224.

And if you’re interested in looking back, here’s an archive to all the past Carnivals of Space. If you’ve got a space-related blog, you should really join the carnival. Just email an entry to carnivalofspace@gmail.com, and the next host will link to it. It will help get awareness out there about your writing, help you meet others in the space community – and community is what blogging is all about. And if you really want to help out, sign up to be a host. Send and email to the above address.



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Distance measurement is key to producing first “complete description” of a black hole

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/18/2011
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In Wolf s Cave

The mysterious blue reflection nebula found in catalogs as VdB 152 The mysterious blue reflection nebula found in catalogs as VdB 152



APOD

Neutrinos Still Breaking Speed Limits

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN (CERN/LHC/GridPP)

New test results are in from OPERA and it seems those darn neutrinos, they just can’t keep their speed down… to within the speed of light, that is!

(…)
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Do-It-Yourself Guide to Measuring the Moon’s Distance

The Moon. Photo credit: NASA.

When the distance from the Earth to the Moon comes up, the common figure thrown around is 402,336 km (or 250,000 miles). But have you every wondered how astronomers got that figure? And how exact it really is? There are a couple of ways you can measure the distance of the Moon that don’t require lasers or any instruments. All you need are your eyes, a clear sky, and someone else willing to stand outside all night with you. (…)
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Deep Blue Astrophotography – Imaging Galactic Shells

NGC7600 is an elliptical galaxy and is around 50 Mpc in distance. This image shows an interleaved system of shells that are described in the Astronomical Journal Letters. These types of structures around elliptical galaxies were first revealed by Malin & Carter in 1980. This deep image of NGC7600 shows faint features not previously seen. Credit: Ken Crawford

As a professional astronomy journalist, I read a lot of science papers. It hasn’t been all that long ago that I remember studying about galaxy groups – with the topic of dark matter and dwarf galaxies in particular. Imagine my surprise when I learn that two of my friends, who are highly noted astrophotographers, have been hard at work doing some deep blue science. If you aren’t familiar with the achievements of Ken Crawford and R. Jay Gabany, you soon will be. Step inside here and let us tell you why “it matters”… (…)
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Astronomy Without A Telescope – Mass Is Energy

The USS Enterprise in 1964 (pre Zefram Cochrane era), during Operation Sea Orbit when it sailed around the world in 65 days without refuelling – demonstrating the capability of nuclear-powered ships. Credit: US Navy.

Some say that the reason you can’t travel faster than light is that your mass will increase as your speed approaches light speed – so, regardless of how much energy your star drive can generate, you reach a point where no amount of energy can further accelerate your spacecraft because its mass is approaching infinite.

This line of thinking is at best an incomplete description of what’s really going on and is not a particularly effective way of explaining why you can’t move faster than light (even though you can’t). However, the story does offer some useful insight into why mass is equivalent to energy, in accordance with the relationship e=mc2.(…)
Read the rest of Astronomy Without A Telescope – Mass Is Energy (740 words)


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A Colorful Side of the Moon

A Colorful Side of the Moon A Colorful Side of the Moon



APOD

Consolation Prize for Phobos-Grunt? Experts Consider Possibilities for Sending Spacecraft to Moon or Asteroid

The Phobos-Grunt mission profile. Could the spacecraft possibly head to the Moon or an asteroid? Credit: Roscosmos

If communication with Russia’s troubled Phobos-Grunt is not established by November 21, the window for a trajectory to the Martian moon Phobos, will close, experts say. But this would not mean that the spacecraft could not travel to a different destination. In a statement published earlier today by the news and information agency Ria Novosti, Russian space expert Igor Lisov suggested that Phobos-Grunt could be sent to orbit the Moon – Earth’s Moon, that is – or may be even an asteroid, if communication is restored at any point before the 13-ton probe re-enters Earth’s atmosphere.
(…)
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The week in pictures: November 12–18, 2011

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/18/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

If An Impact Looms, Then What?

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

NASA’s Curiosity Set to Search for Signs of Martian Life

Curiosity at work firing a laser on Mars
This artist's concept depicts the rover Curiosity, of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission, as it uses its Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) instrument to investigate the composition of a rock surface. ChemCam fires laser pulses at a target and views the resulting spark with a telescope and spectrometers to identify chemical elements. The laser is actually in an invisible infrared wavelength, but is shown here as visible red light for purposes of illustration. Credit: NASA
Action packed landing Animation below

In just 7 days, Earth’s most advanced robotic roving emissary will liftoff from Florida on a fantastic journey to the Red Planet and the search for extraterrestrial life will take a quantum leap forward. Scientists are thrilled that the noble endeavor of the rover Curiosity is finally at hand after seven years of painstaking work.

NASA’s Curiosity Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover is vastly more capable than any other roving vehicle ever sent to the surface of another celestial body. Mars is the most Earth-like planet in our Solar System and a prime target to investigate for the genesis of life beyond our home planet. (…)
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This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

Hubble confirms that galaxies are the ultimate recyclers

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/18/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

If An Impact Looms, Then What?

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Video: Walking on the Moon is Hard

What more can we say? This hilarious compilation of astronauts falling on the Moon put together by Joe Ivy comes from actual footage from the Apollo missions. Awesome.



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This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Pleiades to Hyades

Pleiades to Hyades Pleiades to Hyades



APOD

NASA probe data show evidence of liquid water on icy Europa

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/17/2011
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Europa’s Subsurface Lakes

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

NGC 7822 in Cepheus

Hot, young stars and cosmic pillars of gas and dust Hot, young stars and cosmic pillars of gas and dust



APOD

Amazing Astrophotos of Star Clusters

The Jewel Box by Trevor W.

Jewel Box open star cluster, also known as NGC 4755. Image Credit: Trevor W.

A star cluster is a group which can contain up to millions of stars. Star clusters can vary from being loosely bonded (open star clusters) to tightly bonded (globular clusters). Gravitational force keeps these stars together. This makes them one of the most amazing objects in the night sky.

Here is a compilation of some of the amazing astrophotos of star clusters that amateur astronomers have uploaded to our Flickr group. We hope you enjoy them, and consider adding your photos so that we can share them on Universe Today!

The image above features an open star cluster, the Jewel Box. Located 6,440 light years from Earth in the constellation of Crux, the cluster approximately contains about 100 stars. Trevor W. captured this image using a Canon 350d modified with Baader 2” Skyglow filter, GSO CF RC200, f/8, EQ6 Pro, Orion Starshoot Autoguider using PHD with ED80.

Trevor also provided some shooting and processing specs:
Exposure Setting: Prime focus, ISO800 ICNR off Daylight WB
Exposures: 11x180s, 3/8/09 between 7:00 and 8:30pm
Stacking: DSS 10 darks plus flats, no bias applied
Processing: CS3

See more below!
(…)
Read the rest of Amazing Astrophotos of Star Clusters (352 words)


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The Moon as You’ve Never Seen It Before

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Wide Angle Camera color shaded relief of the lunar farside (NASA/GSFC/DLR/Arizona State University).

You’re looking at a brand new view of the lunar farside, as never seen before. The team from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has released the first version of a topographic map of nearly the entire Moon, from data from the Wide Angle Camera (WAC) on the spacecraft.

“This amazing map shows you the ups and downs over nearly the entire Moon, at a scale of 100 meters across the surface, and 20 meters or better vertically,” said principal investigator Mark Robinson, writing on the LROC website. “Despite the diminutive size of the WAC (it fits in the palm of one’s hand), it images nearly the entire Moon every month.”

Every month? So why is this a “new” map since LRO has been in lunar orbit since mid-2009?
(…)
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S&T’s 70th Anniversary Video Is Here!

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Want To Fly In Space? NASA Looking For More of the “Right Stuff”

NASA announced that it is accepting applications for new astronauts. Photo Credit: Jeff Soulliere

NASA is looking for folks with the “right stuff.” The space agency is seeking qualified individuals for when the space agency once again travels into space – and beyond low-Earth-orbit. The announcement of NASA’s process for selecting its next class of astronauts was made at an event held at the Webb auditorium at NASA Headquarters located in Washington D.C. on Tuesday, Nov. 15. (…)
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Deep-sky with EPOXI

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Deep-sky with EPOXI

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S&T’s 70th Anniversary Video Is Here!

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Phobos-Grunt’s Mysterious Thruster Activation: A Function of Safe Mode or Just Good Luck?

Phobos-Grunt Model. This is a full-scale mockup of Russia's Phobos-Grunt. The spacecraft was supposed to collect samples of soil on Mar's moon Phobos and bring the samples back to Earth for detailed study. Credit: CNES

Editor’s note: Dr. David Warmflash, principal science lead for the US team from the LIFE experiment on board the Phobos-Grunt spacecraft, provides an update for Universe Today on the likelihood of saving the mission.

The Phobos-Grunt probe is still stuck in orbit around Earth. However, periodically the spacecraft experiences a mysterious slight boost in its orbit.  Following the first episode where this occurred, commentators speculated as to the cause.  The activation of the spacecraft’s thrusters – the small engines that are designed to steer the craft and make small adjustments  – was an obvious answer.

Is spacecraft trying to save itself?

(…)
Read the rest of Phobos-Grunt’s Mysterious Thruster Activation: A Function of Safe Mode or Just Good Luck? (533 words)


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LISA Pathfinder takes major step in hunt for gravity waves

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/15/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Mars Express captures battered Tharsis Tholus volcano on Mars

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/15/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Dramatic Soyuz Docking Averts Potential Station Abandonment

View of ISS and Earth after successful docking of Soyuz TMA-22 on Nov 16 at 12:24 a.m. with crew of Russian cosmonauts Anton Shkaplerov and Anatoly Ivanishin and NASA astronaut Dan Burbank Credit: NASA TV

A Russian Soyuz capsule carrying the first crew of humans to fly to space in the post Space Shuttle Era has successfully docked at the International Space Station early this morning, Nov. 16 at 12:24 a.m. EST, averting the potential of having to at least temporarily abandon the massive Earth orbiting research complex.

After an 11 year stretch of continuous human occupation, the future residency of humans aboard the ISS swung in the balance in the wake of a Russian Soyuz rocket failure in August that temporarily grounded all Soyuz launches – manned and unmanned – until the root cause was determined and satisfactorily rectified with NASA’s consent. (…)
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Orange Sun Scintillating

Our Sun is becoming a busy place. Our Sun is becoming a busy place.



APOD

Live Webcast from American Museum of Natural History Today: Beyond Planet Earth

The American Museum of Natural History in New York will soon be opening up a new exhibition called “Beyond Planet Earth: The Future of Space Exploration,” and they are live-streaming a special public program at 12 Noon EST (17:00 UT), that includes NASA astronauts Mike Massimino and John Grunsfeld, crew members on mission STS-125 to repair the Hubble Space Telescope, and is hosted by Hayden Planetarium Director Neil deGrasse Tyson and Curator Michael Shara.

The discussion will focus on themes from Beyond Planet Earth, the STS-125 mission, and the temporary laser art installation From The Distant Past. For more information see the AMNH website, and watch a teaser video of “Beyond Planet Earth” below.

(…)
Read the rest of Live Webcast from American Museum of Natural History Today: Beyond Planet Earth (0 words)


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Antique Stars Could Help Solve Mysteries Of Early Milky Way

The Milky Way is like NGC 4594 (pictured), a disc shaped spiral galaxy with around 200 billion stars. Above and below the galactic plane there is a halo, which includes older stars dating back to the galaxy’s childhood billions of years ago. In principle they should all be primitive and poor in heavy elements like gold, platinum and uranium. New research shows that the explanation lies in violent jets from exploding giant stars. Credit: ESO

Utilizing ESO’s giant telescopes located in Chile, researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute have been examining “antique” stars. Located at the outer reaches of the Milky Way, these superannuated stellar specimens are unusual in the fact that they contain an over-abundance of gold, platinum and uranium. How they became heavy metal stars has always been a puzzle, but now astronomers are tracing their origins back to our galaxy’s beginning. (…)
Read the rest of Antique Stars Could Help Solve Mysteries Of Early Milky Way (833 words)


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Waterfall, Moonbow, and Aurora from Iceland

The longer you look at The longer you look at



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Goldilocks And The Habitable Zone – The Increased Place In Space

Artist's impression of a planet orbiting red dwarf GJ1214.

It’s referred to as the “Goldilock’s Zone”, but this area in space isn’t meant for sleepy or hungry bears – it’s the relative area in which life can evolve and sustain. This habitable region has some fairly strict parameters, such as certain star types and rigid distance limits, but new research shows it could be considerably larger than estimated. (…)
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Astrophoto: The Heart Nebula by Tony Cellini

Astrophoto: The Heart Nebula by Tony Cellini

IC1805, also known as the Heart Nebula. Image Credit: Tony Cellini

This image of the Heart nebula was captured by Toni Cellini on November 10, 2011.

The Heart Nebula, also called IC1805, is an emission nebula located 7500 light years away from Earth in the constellation Cassiopeia. The nebula spans 200 light years across.

“This image is presented in the CFHT (Canada France Hawaii Telescope) palette. Here the RGB colors are mapped to Ha, OIII, SII, respectively. This gives a bit more of a “natural” color appearance, although all the images here are false color images.”

Tony obtained this image using an Apogee U16M CCD camera attached to a Takahashi CCA-250 Astrograph. Each channel consists of four 15-minute exposures through Hydrogen Alpha, Sulphur II and Oxygen III filters.

Visit Tony’s website for more astrophotos.

Want to get your astrophoto featured on Universe Today? Join our Flickr group, post in our Forum or send us your images by email (this means you’re giving us permission to post them). Please explain what’s in the picture, when you took it, the equipment you used, etc.



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Astronomy accepting entries for 2011 outreach award

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/14/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

William T. Clark 1928-2011

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Activity on the Sun Ramps Up with Monster Prominences; Huge Filament Snaps

A large protuberance on the Sun, from Nov. 13, 2011. Credit: César Cantú, Chilidog Observatory.

A huge wall of plasma rose from the Sun’s southeast limb over the weekend, with what might be one of the biggest prominences seen in many years. César Cantu from Monterrey, Mexico, took the image above, adding an “Earth” for reference of how big this prominence really is. A solar prominence is a large, bright feature extending outward from the Sun’s surface. Prominences are anchored to the Sun’s surface in the photosphere, and can loop hundreds of thousands of kilometers into space.

Leonard Mercer from Malta sent us the image below, saying “I never encountered such a huge prominence since I started imaging the Sun.”
(…)
Read the rest of Activity on the Sun Ramps Up with Monster Prominences; Huge Filament Snaps (192 words)


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William T. Clark 1928-2011

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Unifying The Quantum Principle – Flowing Along In Four Dimensions

The a-theorem could help to explain the theory that describes quarks, fundamental particles seen here in a three-dimensional computer-generated simulation. PASIEKA/SPL

In 1988, John Cardy asked if there was a c-theorem in four dimensions. At the time, he reasonably expected his work on theories of quantum particles and fields to be professionally put to the test… But it never happened. Now – a quarter of a century later – it seems he was right. (…)
Read the rest of Unifying The Quantum Principle – Flowing Along In Four Dimensions (754 words)


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Leonid Meteor Shower Peaks – November 17-19, 2011

Leonid meteors seen from 39,000 feet aboard an aircraft during the 1999 Leonids Multi-Instrument Aircraft Campaign (Leonid-MAC). Comet Tempel-Tuttle provides the cometary debris for the Leonid meteor storm, which takes place in mid-November. Credit: NASA/ISAS/Shinsuke Abe and Hajime Yano

Are you ready for a good, predictable meteor shower? Then break out your favorite skywatching gear because the 2011 Leonid meteor shower is already sparkling the skies… (…)
Read the rest of Leonid Meteor Shower Peaks – November 17-19, 2011 (585 words)


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A “Whodunit” of Cosmic Proportions

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The Holidays Are Coming! A Beginner’s Guide to Telescopes

The holidays are fast approaching, and you may be looking for gift ideas for your friends, loved ones and even yourself. Are you considering buying a telescope this year?

There are many different types of astronomical telescope available on the market and for the beginner, selecting one can be a bewildering experience. Before buying a telescope it is important to ask yourself: What objects do you want to see through your new telescope and how much can the person buying it afford to pay?

Not all telescopes are the same nor do they give the same results. Many amateur astronomers have two or more different telescopes for different types of observing, but there are some which offer a good compromise and most objects can be seen through them. (…)
Read the rest of The Holidays Are Coming! A Beginner’s Guide to Telescopes (719 words)


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The Butterfly Nebula from Hubble

Few butterflies have a wingspan this big. Few butterflies have a wingspan this big.



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Soyuz Launches to Station amid Swirling Snowy Spectacular

Blastoff of Soyuz TMA-22 amidst swirling snowstorm at 11:14:03 p.m. Nov. 13 from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan. The three man crew comprised NASA astronaut Dan Burbank and Russian cosmonauts Anton Shkaplerov and Anatoly Ivanishin. Credit: NASA/Roscosmos

The future survival and fate of the International Space Station was on the line and is now firmly back on track following today’s (Nov. 13) successful, high stakes liftoff of a Russian Soyuz rocket carrying a three man crew of two Russians and one American bound for the orbiting research platform, amidst the backdrop of a spectacular snowstorm swirling about the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan – rare even by Russian standards.

The international crew comprises Expedition 29 Flight Engineer Dan Burbank from NASA – veteran of two prior shuttle missions to the station in 2000 and 2006 – and Anton Shkaplerov and Anatoly Ivanishin from Russia. It’s the rookie flight for both Russian cosmonauts. (…)
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Newly found dwarf galaxies could help reveal the nature of dark matter

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/7/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Asteroid to fly by Earth November 8

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/7/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Seeing the Phases of Exoplanets

Phases of Venus. Image credit: ESO

Everyone is familiar with the fact that the moon changes phases. But what many don’t know is that planets also go through phases. Shown above are the phases for Venus. We look inwards on Venus from a more distant vantage point in our solar system, but in principle, planets in other solar systems would also go through phases as they orbited. While we are far too distant to resolve these phases any time soon, the percentage of reflected light may give clues about the size, composition, and atmosphere of a potential planet.

(…)
Read the rest of Seeing the Phases of Exoplanets (310 words)


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Different Supernovae; Different Neutron Stars

Artist concept of a neutron star.  Credit: NASA

Artist concept of a neutron star. Credit: NASA

Astronomers have recognized various ways that stars can collapse to undergo a supernova. In one situation, an iron core collapses. The second involves a lower mass star with oxygen, neon, and magnesium in the core which suddenly captures electrons when the conditions are just right, removing them as a support mechanism and causing the star to collapse. While these two mechanisms make good physical sense, there has never been any observational support showing that both types occur. Until now that is. Astronomers led yb Christian Knigge and Malcolm Coe at the University of Southampton in the UK announced that they have detected two distinct sub populations in the neutron stars that result from these supernova.

(…)
Read the rest of Different Supernovae; Different Neutron Stars (387 words)


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Mars in a Minute: Is Mars Really Red?

A new video created by NASA’s Solar System Exploration Division answers one of the most frequently asked questions about our planetary neighbor, in just 60 seconds.



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This Week’s Sky at a Glance

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Guest blog: An imager’s take on the 2011 Advanced Imaging Conference

Astronomy magazine Contributing Editor Tony Hallas joined me at The Advanced Imaging Conference (AIC) in Santa Clara, California, November 3–6. This was the eighth annual meeting of this group. More than 300 imagers from around the world attended, and 35 vendors shared (and sold) the latest in astroimaging gear. Below is his take on the event:

Astroimager and vendor Don Goldman chats with a customer at AIC 2011. // Photo by Michael E. BakichAIC was special to me for a variety of reasons. For one thing, it was the first time I attended as a contributing editor of Astronomy magazine. Also, several of the presentations were extremely pertinent to future endeavors with my telescope.

An early presentation by Mike Rice, founder of New Mexico Skies, that dealt with the care and maintenance of telescopes was invaluable. Of special note was his discussion of the corrosion problems that all telescope electronics are prone to. Mike pointed out that most of the plugs and receptacles made for use within the safe confines of a home environment, not out in the wet, corrosive air commonly experienced during a night of imaging. He recommended two products to prevent corrosion: DeoxIT G5 and DeoxIT G5 Gold. The latter is specifically for gold contacts. He also suggested fastening wire bundles to the declination arm of a German equatorial mount to avoid tangles. He concluded with some tips on collimation and answered many questions from the audience.

Mike Rice, founder of New Mexico Skies, gave a talk titled "The 'Hands On' Challenges of Building and Operating an Imaging Observatory and How to Deal with Them." // Photo by Michael E. BakichAstroimager Steve Cannistra gave a great presentation on wide-field imaging. He stressed compositional elements and technical considerations that are necessary for a successful outcome.

Not to be missed was a presentation by Seattle-based marketing director and imager Nick Risinger of what is arguably the greatest astrophoto ever made — a 37,440-exposure mosaic of the night sky complete with Hydrogen-alpha data. He also had his camera setup on display in the vendor area.

Jay GaBany showed how he creates his unique, extremely deep images that reveal impossibly faint detail. He records these data using his camera and telescope, and he adds a healthy dose of compositional acumen.

Another presentation that I found extremely useful occurred on the last day of the conference. Paul Jones, founder of Star Instruments, with help from astroimager Richard Simons spoke about how to collimate Ritchey-Chrétien optics by analysis of the star shapes in the corners of your CCD frame. If all the stars are perfect, your optical system is aligned, but, as happens so often, some of the stars might be distorted by coma and astigmatism due to bad collimation. Essentially, a poorly aligned primary will result in comet-shaped stars, and a poorly collimated secondary will result in astigmatic stars. They offered diagrams and solutions along with a way to keep track of which adjustment does what. Without that, an imager would quickly become frustrated!

R. Jay GaBany's talk, "Awakening Your Astronomical Images" was well-received by AIC attendees. // Photo by Michael E. BakichThis year’s AIC offered many excellent workshops for all levels of imaging, including basic CCD image processing, how to use narrowband filters, how to automate image acquisition, and a “get your feet wet” introduction to PixInsight image processing.

Add to all this excellent meals and camaraderie, and it’s no surprise that AIC 2011 boasted record attendance even in this “down” economy. I look forward eagerly to next year’s event.

To see more than 100 images by many AIC members, visit Astronomy magazine's AIC online photo gallery.

You'll find Michael Bakich's previous conference blogs here (#1), here (#2), here (#3), here (#4), and here (#5).


Astronomy.com blog

Sunspot Castle

Each day can have a beautiful ending as the Each day can have a beautiful ending as the



APOD

Soyuz Poised for High Stakes November 13 Blastoff – Space Stations Fate Hinges on Success

The Soyuz TMA-22 spacecraft and its booster were moved to the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on a railcar on November 11, 2011, for final preparations prior to launch to the International Space Station on Sunday, Nov. 13, 11:14 a.m. EST, Nov. 14, 11:14 a.m. Baikonur time. Credit: Roscosmos
See rollout Video below

The stakes could not be higher for the Russian Soyuz rocket now poised at the launch pad at Baikonur in Kazakhstan and which will loft the next trio of space flyers to the International Space Station on Sunday, Nov. 13.

The booster was rolled out to the pad on Friday (Nov. 11) and the very fate of the Space Station and the partners $ 100 Billion investment hinges on a successful blastoff of the venerable Soyuz – which dates back to cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and the inauguration of human spaceflight 50 years ago. See the rollout video and pictures below(…)
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This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

Giant planet ejected from the solar system

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/11/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Portraits of Our Sun on 11/11/11 at 11:11 UTC

The Sun on 11/11/11 from the Solar Dynamics Observatory Spacecraft.

The Solar Dynamics Observatory takes images of the Sun about every 10 seconds, so it easily was able to capture the Sun when the clocks and calendars lined up for a mathematically synchronous readout. Below is another image at the same time in different wavelength.

You can check out what the Sun looks like at anytime of the day or year the the SDO website.
(…)
Read the rest of Portraits of Our Sun on 11/11/11 at 11:11 UTC (17 words)


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Russia’s Phobos-Grunt Spacecraft Goes AWOL

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Orion Spacecraft to Launch in 2014

NASA has announced that it will conduct an unmanned test flight called the Exploration Flight Test-1 or EFT-1 in 2014. Image Credit: NASA.gov

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla – NASA has announced its intention to launch an unmanned flight of the Orion Spacecraft atop a United Launch Alliance (ULA) Delta IV Heavy launch vehicle – by 2014. This flight test will be added to the contract that the space agency has with aerospace firm Lockheed Martin. The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle or Orion MPCV as it is more commonly known – will test out systems that will be employed on the Space Launch System (SLS). If successful, this will allow astronauts to travel beyond low-Earth-orbit (LEO) for the first time in over four decades.(…)
Read the rest of Orion Spacecraft to Launch in 2014 (435 words)


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Study shows first stars were not monstrous

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/11/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Astrophoto: Mars-Regulus Conjunction by Brendan Alexander

Astrophoto: Mars-Regulus Conjunction by Brendan Alexander

Mars-Regulus Conjunction. Credit: Brendan Alexander

Recently, on November 10, 2011, Mars and Regulus were observed together in the night sky. This event, also known as conjunction, was captured by Brendan Alexander at Killygordon, Co. Donegal, Ireland when the two objects were 1 degree apart.

Regulus is a multiple star system located in the constellation Leo, 77.5 light years from the Earth. The system is composed of four stars which are organized into two pairs. It is among the brightest stars visible at night.

Brendan also provided us with the technical specs of the image.
Camera: Self-modded 1000D
Lens: Sigma 70-300mm APO, Set at 300mm.
Mount: CG5 unguided
Exposure: 1 x 60 sec
Processed: Photoshop CS 5

Check out Brendan’s website for more astrophotos.

Want to get your astrophoto featured on Universe Today? Join our Flickr group, post in our Forum or send us your images by email (this means you’re giving us permission to post them). Please explain what’s in the picture, when you took it, the equipment you used, etc.



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In the Arms of M83

Big, bright, and beautiful, Big, bright, and beautiful,



APOD

The week in pictures: November 5–11, 2011

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/11/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Russia’s Phobos-Grunt Spacecraft Goes AWOL

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Found: pristine gas from the Big Bang

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/10/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Jumping Sundogs Over Thunderclouds

What's happening above those clouds? What’s happening above those clouds?



APOD

Asteroid 2005 YU55 Passes the Earth

Asteroid 2005 YU55 passed by the Earth yesterday, posing no danger.  Asteroid 2005 YU55 passed by the Earth yesterday, posing no danger.



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RCW 86: Historical Supernova Remnant

In 185 AD, In 185 AD,



APOD

Giant Sunspot Turns to Face the Earth

The full face of the Sun as seen on Nov. 6, 2011, showing AR 1339 and several other sunspots. Credit: Alan Friedman. Click for a stunning larger version.

What has been billed as the largest sunspot observed in several years has now rotated around to stare straight at Earth. How large is it? Active Region 1339 and the group of sunspots adjacent to it extends more than 100,000 km from end to end and each of the several dark cores is larger than Earth. The now very active Sun has already blasted out several medium- to large-sized solar flares and has the potential to hurl out more.

And the Sun is now dotted with several smaller sunspots as well. Above is an amazing image of all this activity, as captured by astrophotographer Alan Friedman. “This has been a glorious week for solar observers!” Friedman said. “Led by large sunspot region AR1339, the sun’s disk is alive with activity… the most dynamic show in many years.”

Take a look below for an incredible closeup of AR1339 taken by Friedman, as well as a movie from the Solar Dynamics Observatory showing the sunspots rotating into view.
(…)
Read the rest of Giant Sunspot Turns to Face the Earth (188 words)


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The Oddly Magnetic Moon

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Hot Product Icons 2012

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Hubble uncovers tiny galaxies bursting with star birth in early universe

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/10/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Was a Fifth Giant Planet Expelled from Our Solar System?

Artist’s impression of a fifth giant planet being ejected from the solar system.
Image credit: Southwest Research Institute

Earth’s place in the “Goldilocks” zone of our solar system may be the result of the expulsion of a fifth giant planet from our solar system during its first 600 million years, according to a recent journal publication.

“We have all sorts of clues about the early evolution of the solar system,” said author Dr. David Nesvorny of the Southwest Research Institute. “They come from the analysis of the trans-Neptunian population of small bodies known as the Kuiper Belt, and from the lunar cratering record.”

Nesvorny and his team used the clues they had to build computer simulations of the early solar system and test their theories. What resulted was an early solar system model that has quite a different configuration than today, and a jumbling of planets that may have given Earth the “preferred” spot for life to evolve.

(…)
Read the rest of Was a Fifth Giant Planet Expelled from Our Solar System? (459 words)


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The Oddly Magnetic Moon

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Physicists shed new light on supernova mystery

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/9/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Ancient lunar dynamo may explain magnetized Moon rocks

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/9/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Sunspot Points at Earth

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Russians Race against Time to Save Ambitious Phobos-Grunt Mars Probe from Earthly Demise

Russian graphic shows the planned Earth departure trajectory (at right) and two engine burns that failed to ignite from the Fregat upper stage following the launch of the Phobos-Grunt spacecraft from Baikonur Cosmodrome on Nov. 9 at 00:16 a.m. Moscow time.
The spacecraft is currently in the yellow colored initial parking orbit.
Illustration at left shows Phobos-Grunt spacecraft folded for flight inside the payload fairing.
Credit: Roscosmos.

Teams of Russian engineers are in a race against time to save the ambitious and unprecedented Phobos-Grunt sample return mission from crashing back to Earth following the post launch failure of the upper stage rocket firings essential to propel the probe onward to destination Mars and scooping up dirt and dust from the tiny moon Phobos.

Roscomos, the Russian Federal Space Agency says they have perhaps two weeks to salvage the spacecraft – now stuck in Earth orbit – before its batteries run out and its orbit would naturally decay leading to an ignominious and uncontrollable reentry and earthly demise. Vladimir Popovkin, head of Roscosmos Chief had initially indicated a survival time limited to only 2 days in a briefing to Russian media.

“I give them a good chance — better than even — of recovering the mission and making the Mars insertion burn in a day or two, said James Oberg, a renowned expert on Russian and US spaceflight in commentary to Universe Today. (…)
Read the rest of Russians Race against Time to Save Ambitious Phobos-Grunt Mars Probe from Earthly Demise (908 words)


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Long story short re: Asteroid 2005 YU55

Have you ever noticed how by the time most people use the phrase “Well, to make a long story short,” it’s usually too late? You know what I mean … You’re standing there listening patiently to someone for like five minutes, hearing all about their Aunt Gertrude and the locusts in her cornfield or something, and you’re starting to wish for the welcome sting of death when you finally hear those oft-misused words, “Well, to make a long story short …”

And then another five minutes pass.

Well, I’m not going to make that mistake. So, to make a long story short, Astronomy magazine Senior Editor Rich Talcott conducted a great interview with the Milwaukee Fox television affiliate, WITI, yesterday about asteroid 2005 YU55. The interview aired that evening shortly before this asteroid reached its closest point to Earth at 5:28 p.m. CST. and you can watch the video clip here.

For more information about the asteroid — including a radar image taken November 7 when the asteroid was approximately 860,000 miles (1.38 million kilometers) from Earth — click here.


Astronomy.com blog

Hi-and-Bye Asteroid Creates a Buzz

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Hi-and-Bye Asteroid Creates a Buzz

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Video Interview with Pat Coppola

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Sunspot Points at Earth

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

Get ready for the 2011 Leonid meteor shower

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/8/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

NASA captures new images of large asteroid passing Earth

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/8/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Live Webcast as Keck Telescope Attempts Images of Asteroid 2005 YU55

Astronomers from the Keck Telescope in Hawaii will be trying to observe Asteroid 2005 YU55 as it flies away from Earth. A live webcast from Keck starts about the same time this article is being published, starting no later than 9 pm U.S. PST on Nov. 8, or Midnight EST/ 0500 UT on Wednesday, Nov. 9. Indications are the webcast might start a little late because of fog on Mauna Kea.

Their hope is to get infrared images and perhaps a three-dimensional view of the asteroid with one of the world’s largest optical/infrared telescopes. The observing run is being webcast live on UStream from the Keck II Remote Operations room in Kamuela, Hawaii. They also are hoping to be able to look for moons around the asteroid. About 20% of asteroids have “moons” orbiting them.

At the helm of the 10-meter Keck II telescope and using Keck’s pioneering adaptive optics to view YU55 will be asteroid investigators William Merline and Peter Tamblyn of Southwest Research Institute, in Boulder, Colorado, and Chris Neyman of Keck Observatory.



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Sunspot Points at Earth

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

GK Per: Nova of 1901

Early in the Early in the



APOD

Alien Artifacts May Be Here… Just Hard To Find!

This image highlights the special cargo onboard NASA's Voyager spacecraft: the Golden Record. Each of the two Voyager spacecraft launched in 1977 carry a 12-inch gold-plated phonograph record with images and sounds from Earth. An artist's rendering of the Voyager spacecraft is shown at bottom right, with a yellow circle denoting the location of the Golden Record. The cover of the Golden Record, shown on upper right, carries directions explaining how to play the record, a diagram showing the location of our sun and the two lowest states of the hydrogen atom as a fundamental clock reference. The larger image to the left is a magnified picture of the record inside. Credit: NASA

Greeting cards in space… We’ve certainly sent our share of them, haven’t we? So if humankind is foresighted enough to leave messages of our whereabouts – and our personalities – in space, then why haven’t other alien civilizations done the same? That’s a question a pair of postdoctoral researchers at Penn State are asking. By using mathematical equations, they’re showing us we simply haven’t looked in enough places… and would we recognize an alien artifact even if it were staring us in the face? (…)
Read the rest of Alien Artifacts May Be Here… Just Hard To Find! (871 words)


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Orange Sun Oozing

The Sun's surface keeps changing.  The Sun’s surface keeps changing.



APOD

Russian Mars Moon Sample Probe Poised to Soar atop Upgraded Rocket – Video

Russia’s historic Phobos-Grunt sample return mission to Mars and Phobos poised on top of Zenit-2SB rocket at Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan. Liftoff is slated for November 9, 2011 at 00:16 a.m. Moscow time (Nov. 8, 3:16 p.m. EST) from Launch Pad 45. Credit: Roscosmos
See Zenit Rocket rollout Video and Images below

After an absence of almost two decades, Russia is at last on the cusp of resuming an ambitious agenda of interplanetary science missions on Tuesday Nov. 8 3:16 p.m. EST (Nov. 9, 00:16 a.m. Moscow Time) by taking aim at Mars and scooping up the first ever soil and rocks gathered from the mysterious moon Phobos. Russia’s space program was hampered for many years by funding woes after the breakup of the former Soviet Union and doubts stemming from earlier mission failures. The Russian science ramp up comes just as US space leadership fades significantly due to dire NASA budget cutbacks directed by Washington politicians.

Russia’s daring and highly risky Phobos-Grunt soil sampling robot to the battered Martian moon Phobos now sits poised at the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazahkstan atop a specially upgraded booster dubbed the “Zenit-2SB” rocket according to Alexey Kuznetsov, Head of the Roscosmos Press Office in an exclusive interveiw with Universe Today. Roscosmos is the Russian Federal Space Agency. Watch the awesome Mars mission animation in my article here. See Zenit Rocket rollout video and images below. (…)
Read the rest of Russian Mars Moon Sample Probe Poised to Soar atop Upgraded Rocket – Video (766 words)


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Look to the skies

These are exciting times for skywatchers. First, we’ll have a celestial guest in the form of asteroid 2005 YU55, which will slip in between Earth and the Moon tomorrow but presents no danger to us at all. It’ll be some 200,000 miles (320,000 kilometers) away at its closest approach, so still fairly distant. The rock itself is pretty dark but should still be visible through a medium-size telescope (6 to 8 inches), shining at magnitude 11.1.

Russia’s Phobos-Grunt mission, en route to the martian moon Phobos, should light up the sky November 8 at 22:55 GMT for about 9½ minutes. This map shows where the probe will be coasting in sunlight (the thin red line), when its boosters will burn in sunlight (the thick red line), when it’ll be burning at night (the thick black line), and when it’ll be coasting at night (the thin black line). The green lines indicate how far the probe will be visible. // Map by PHOBOS-SOIL project, 2011Not only will we be receiving visitors, though, but we’ll also send out some of our own. Russia’s Phobos-Grunt probe is due to launch tomorrow on its ambitious trip to Mars’ largest moon, where it’ll collect a sample of soil (grunt is Russian for dirt or soil) to return to Earth. It’s an exciting mission, and if all goes well the probe will arrive in Mars orbit in 2012, land on Phobos in 2013, and return its sample by 2014.

But if you’re itching for some excitement right now, and are located south of the equator, the Phobos-Grunt project could use your help. Because the probe’s boosters will fire out of view from Russia, the team leaders are inviting amateur astronomers in South America to observe two rocket burns, providing data to ensure everything’s going well with the mission’s trajectory.

Observers can report their findings at http://phobos.cosmos.ru/index.php?id=1686&L=2 (registration required). The first burn should take place tomorrow at 22:55 GMT and last for about 9½ minutes, while the second burn is scheduled for November 9 at 1:02 GMT for about 17 minutes. Both will be visible pretty much only from South America and parts of the South Pacific. If you plan to participate, you’ll need to report your data as soon as possible to help the Phobos-Grunt team. (Find viewing tips at http://satobs.org/seesat/Nov-2011/0031.html.)

The Phobos-Grunt’s second rocket burn will take place November 9 at 1:02 GMT and should last about 17 minutes. If you live in these areas, you can help Russia track the mission’s success by observing — and immediately reporting — the probe’s trajectory. // Map by PHOBOS-SOIL project, 2011This also means that any mentions of a killer asteroid or South American UFOs in the next few days probably won’t live up to the hype. So, instead, go outside and see what you can see. And if you’re lucky enough to spot any Phobos-Grunt activity, let us know in the comments section below.

(Special thanks to James Oberg, who helped out with this blog post and wrote about a similar issue in the July 2002 issue of Astronomy.)


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Video Interview with Pat Coppola

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Star Forming Region S106

Massive star IRS 4 is beginning to spread its wings.  Massive star IRS 4 is beginning to spread its wings.



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‘Sweet Spots’ for Formation of Complex Organic Molecules Discovered in Our Galaxy

Credit: NASA

Astrobiologists have discovered regions in our galaxy which might have the greatest potential for producing very complex organic molecules, the starting point for the development of life. We’ve heard before about “follow the water” in the search for life; in this case it may be “follow the methanol”…

(…)
Read the rest of ‘Sweet Spots’ for Formation of Complex Organic Molecules Discovered in Our Galaxy (458 words)


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Just In: NASA’s Latest Image of Asteroid 2005 YU55

This radar image of asteroid 2005 YU55 was obtained on Nov. 7, 2011. Credit: NASA/JPL/Caltech.

NASA’s Deep Space Network antenna in Goldstone, California has captured new radar images of Asteroid 2005 YU55 as it begins its close pass by Earth. The image above was taken on Nov. 7 at 11:45 a.m. PST (2:45 p.m. EST/1945 UTC), when the asteroid was approximately 1.38 million kilometers (860,000 miles) or about 3.6 lunar distances away from Earth. It’s not a great image, but there should be better images available as the asteroid gets closer. Several telescopes will be tracking of the aircraft carrier-sized asteroid throughout the pass. Goldstone’s 230-foot-wide (70-meter) antenna has been keeping an eye on it since Nov. 4, and the Arecibo Planetary Radar Facility in Puerto Rico will begin observations on Nov. 8, as the asteroid will make its closest approach to Earth at 3:28 p.m. PST (6:28 p.m. EST/1128 UTC).

The Slooh telescope will be hosting a live webcast of the flyby on Nov. 8, 2011. Find out more at the Slooh Events page.



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Watch Mini-Asteroid 2005 YU55 Buzz Earth

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Asteroid 2005 YU55: See It For Yourself!

Passage of of 2005 YU55 near Altair from 6:03 p.m. – 6:12 p.m. EST (11:03 – 11:12 UTC)

It’s already been stated several times here on Universe Today that 2005 YU55, a 400-meter-wide roughly spherical asteroid, will not pose any threat to Earth as it passes by on Tuesday, November 8… even though it will come within 80% of the distance to the Moon. Many experts have come forward to state this fact, including Don Yeomans of JPL’s Near-Earth Object Observation Program and Lance Benner, a radio astronomer with the Deep Space Network in Goldstone, CA.  But it will still be a notable event, being the first time since 1976 such a large object will pass so closely by our planet. So, with the eve of YU55′s approach upon us, let’s turn our curiosity toward another aspect of this cosmic visitation: how can we see it?

(…)
Read the rest of Asteroid 2005 YU55: See It For Yourself! (716 words)


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Astrophotos: “Bad Boy” Active Region 1339

AR 1339 and 1338 by Vladimir Knyaz

AR 1339 and 1338. Credit: Vladimir Knyaz

The largest sunspots since 2005 are now visible from the Earth. These huge sunspots have been slowly rotating to face the Earth since November 3, 2011. The largest of these sunspots, Sunspot AR 1339, is said to be 17 times the Earth’s width. This region of the Sun has caused massive solar flares which can trigger radio blackouts and long-lasting radiation storms. The Solar Dynamics Observatory team even called Active Region 1339 a “Bad Boy” causing a solar flare reaching X1.9 at 20:27 UTC on the 3rd.

The image above was taken by Vladimir Knyaz of Moscow, Russia on November 5, 2011. He used a William Optics Megrez 72 telescope, Coronado Solarmax 40 filter, Point Grey Research Grasshopper GRAS-14S3M camera. He also provided some image processing details: Stack of 1300 frames, image deconvolution, pseudo color.

More photos of the Sun’s active region below…
(…)
Read the rest of Astrophotos: “Bad Boy” Active Region 1339 (278 words)


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Awesome Action Animation Depicts Russia’s Bold Robot Retriever to Mars moon Phobos

Russia’s Phobos-Grunt interplanetary spacecraft is scheduled to blast off on November 9, 2011 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on a bold roundtrip mission to land on Phobos surface and ship the first ever soil samples back to Earth by 2014. Credit Roscosmos.
Dramatic Phobos-Grunt Action Animation below

In less than 48 hours, Russia’s bold Phobos-Grunt mechanized probe will embark on a historic flight to haul humanities first ever soil samples back from the tiny Martian moon Phobos. Liftoff from the Baikonur Cosmodrome remains on target for November 9 (Nov 8 US EDT).

For an exquisite view of every step of this first-of-its-kind robot retriever, watch this spectacular action packed animation (below) outlining the entire 3 year round trip voyage. The simulation was produced by Roscosmos, Russia’s Federal Space Agency and the famous IKI Space Research Institute. It’s set to cool music – so don’t’ worry, you don’t need to understand Russian.(…)
Read the rest of Awesome Action Animation Depicts Russia’s Bold Robot Retriever to Mars moon Phobos (238 words)


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Answer for WITU #156 Now Available

You can now find out just where in the Universe this image was taken and find the answer for last week’s WITU Challenge back on the original post. And check back later this week for another test of your visual knowledge of the cosmos.



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Day 1 (part 2) at the Advanced Imaging Conference 2011

I have now experienced a full day at the Advanced Imaging Conference (AIC), in Santa Clara, California. Earlier, I blogged about only the first half of day 1 to keep the length of that entry manageable.

Conference organizers scheduled two concurrent afternoon workshop sessions that paralleled the two in the morning. Those began at 1:30 and 3:30 p.m., and the speakers were the same seven who gave talks this morning.

Most of my afternoon activity occurred in the vendor area. Unlike my trek through there this morning (when it was still closed), the afternoon and evening saw a great deal of activity between attendees and manufacturers.

I chatted with more vendors, all of whom seemed happy about the AIC’s attendance and about the level of interest shown by conference-goers. One in particular was Phil Beffrey, creator of Celestial Parfait. This product is a totally free software program for astronomy and science education that runs on Windows machines. It provides a great-looking star atlas interface for pointing telescopes, it controls CCD and DSLR cameras, and it offers tools so that users can share observations. This is Phil’s first time at AIC and his enthusiasm for promoting education guaranteed that he was never alone. His hope is that astronomy clubs and teachers will begin to use it in their presentations and classes and distribute it directly to members and students. Phil encourages emails telling him a little about your astronomy pursuits. In response, he’ll send you a copy of Celestial Parfait.

The Mount Lemmon SkyCenter, always interested in teaching the latest astroimaging techniques, offered a new product by founder and world-class imager Adam Block. It comes in the form of three 4-gigabyte jump drives. Each features a different deep-sky object and contains a detailed lesson from Adam’s popular Making Every Pixel Count DVD telling how to process the image data, which Adam also included with the lesson! Visit the SkyCenter’s website at http://skycenter.arizona.edu.

I also talked at length to Kevin Nelson, head of Quantum Scientific Imaging (QSI). The company has just released a new CCD camera, its 8.3-megapixel QSI 683. I won’t say a lot about it here because one will soon be on its way to Astronomy magazine and we’ll conduct a full review of it. Look for it in an upcoming issue. This camera will find many homes, however, because QSI integrated a five-position filter wheel really close to the CCD chip. That means the camera can use 1¼" filters, which are dramatically less expensive than other sizes.

You'll find more about the AIC at the conference website. To see more than 100 images by many AIC members, visit Astronomy magazine's AIC online photo gallery. And watch for even more blogs from this super conference throughout the weekend.


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Day 2 (part 2) at the Advanced Imaging Conference 2011

The second half of day 2 at the Advanced Imaging Conference (AIC), in Santa Clara, California, included (for me) more talks and more talking with vendors.

Alex Filippenko, professor of astronomy at the University of California, Berkeley, presented “Hearts of Darkness: Black Holes in Space.” His talk was a roundup of the properties of the various types of black holes.

After Alex, the AIC organizers alotted 1 hour and 45 minutes for its Spotlight Presentations. Three imagers, David Martinez-Delgado, Dean Salman, and Joel Hagen presented talks titled “Stellar Streams,” “Processing Tips Learned from the Sharpless Catalog Project,” and “Photoshop Tips from a NASA Image Processor.” If you’re a long-time reader of Astronomy, you may be familiar with Dean Salman’s images because many have run in the magazine during the past five years.

After supper, Adam Block of the Mount Lemmon SkyCenter would have conducted a “Remote Imaging Demonstration” from the observatory containing the 32-inch Ritchey-Chretien telescope atop Mount Lemmon. The dome, however, had frozen shut and Adam could not free it remotely. Everyone understood, of course, and they still inundated Adam with questions.

One of the showstoppers this year was a 14-foot-wide durotran backlit transparency that showed the region of the California Nebula (NGC 1499). This project, which combines an incredible 128 hours of imaging, was a four-man collaboration among Rogelio Bernal Andreo, Bob Caton, Al Howard, and Eric Zbinden. I spent quite a bit of time talking with the imagers about this amazing project, and you’ll see it as a two-page spread in an upcoming issue of Astronomy.

You’ll find more about the AIC at the conference website. To see more than 100 images by many AIC members, visit Astronomy magazine’s AIC online photo gallery.

 

You’ll find my four previous conference blogs here (#1), here (#2), here (#3), and here (#4). What a great conference! And remember, we still have a report from Contributing Editor Tony Hallas to come. I’m looking forward to that.


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City lights could reveal E.T. civilization

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/4/2011
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Day 2 at the Advanced Imaging Conference 2011

Day 2 at the Advanced Imaging Conference (AIC), in Santa Clara, California, started with a bang. The AIC Board of Directors presented its prestigious Hubble Award to Ron Wodaski. They bestow this honor on individuals who have demonstrated significant and sustained contributions to the astrophotography community over a period of years. Ron was one of the earliest CCD imagers. Many imagers consider his 2002 book, The New CCD Astronomy, the hobby’s bible. After the short presentation and applause, Ron gave an illustrated lecture.

He recounted a bit of his history, including the impact the book made. He also talked about being one of the first to promote remote access to a large telescope under a dark, steady sky when he opened Black Bird Observatory in New Mexico. It featured a 20-inch telescope and a sensitive CCD camera that was available to anyone with Internet access for a modest hourly fee.

Today, Ron is Director of the Tzec Maun Foundation, a non-profit group offering students and researchers free access to a variety of high-quality astronomical instruments in New Mexico and Australia. The long-anticipated centerpiece will be a state-of-the-art 1-meter telescope located in a refurbished former government tracking station. Ron talked about this fabulous facility. It’s four stories high and the doors weigh 14 tons. That’s impressive, but not as impressive as the dome. It tips the scales at 105 tons!

Eventually, the Tzec Maun Foundation plans to make even this telescope available to astronomers around the world. More than 300 AIC members certainly got excited when they heard that.

You’ll find more about the AIC at the conference website. To see more than 100 images by many AIC members, visit Astronomy magazine’s AIC online photo gallery.

You’ll find my three previous conference blogs here (#1), here (#2), and here (#3). And the conference isn’t over, so I’m not done yet!

 


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The week in pictures: October 29–November 4, 2011

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/4/2011
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Hubble directly observes the disk around a black hole

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/4/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

A Dusty Young Star’s “Spiral Arms”

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Phobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1 Encapsulated for Voyage to Mars and Phobos

Phobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1 spacecraft being encapsulated inside the nose cone for November 9 launch to Mars and its tiny moon Phobos. Technicians prepare to seal the lander inside payload fairing at Baikonur Cosmodrome.Credit: Roscosmos

Phobo-Grunt, Russia’s first interplanetary mission in nearly two decades, has now been encapsulated inside the payload fairing and sealed to the payload adapter for mating to the upper stage of the Zenit booster rocket that will propel the probe to Mars orbit and carry out history’s first ever landing on the petite Martian moon Phobos and eventually return pristine samples to Earth for high powered scientific analysis.

“Phobos-Grunt will launch on November 9, 2011 at 00:26 a.m. Moscow time,” said Alexey Kuznetsov, Head of the Roscosmos Press Office in an exclusive interview with Universe Today. Roscosmos is the Russian Federal Space Agency, equivalent to NASA and ESA.(…)
Read the rest of Phobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1 Encapsulated for Voyage to Mars and Phobos (644 words)


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A Dusty Young Star’s “Spiral Arms”

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

Day 1 at the Advanced Imaging Conference 2011

I’m at the Advanced Imaging Conference (AIC), which, for the second straight year is being held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Santa Clara, California. The 2011 version is the conference’s eighth incarnation. November 4–6. For the third straight year, Astronomy magazine is proud to be an editorial sponsor.

Jay GaBany, one of the conference organizers, confirmed to me that this year’s event is the largest so far. “We have more than 300 attendees,” Jay said, “including eight that arrived and registered just this morning.”

I’m writing this just before lunch, but after the first morning session. Seven speakers have already given talks in two concurrent sessions, one that started at 8 a.m. and the other at 10 a.m. In the earlier session, Adam Block from the University of Arizona’s Mount Lemmon SkyCenter, presented a 2-hour talk titled, “ABCs of Image Processing” to an enthusiastic, packed house. And Mike Rice spoke about “The ‘Hands On’ Challenges of Building and Operating an Imaging Observatory and How to Deal with Them.” Steve Leshin presented “Image Processing with PixInsight,” and John Smith spoke about “Complete Image Acquisition Automation with CCDAutoPilot.”

The 10 a.m. speakers were R. Jay GaBany (“Awakening Your Images”), Bob Denny (“The Next Generation of Observatory Automation”), and Don Goldman (“Narrow Band Imaging.”) All seven speakers will present their talks again this afternoon.

I thought registration was fun, but that could have been because, in addition to the conference agenda, each attendee’s packet contained both Astronomy’s special issue Spectacular Universe, and our November themed “Photo Issue.” Could any two publications be more suited to an imaging conference? And all went inside a plastic bag that proudly displayed the magazine’s name. It’s fun to be a sponsor.

In the vendor area (before it opened) I followed astroimager and Astronomy Contributing Editor Tony Hallas around as he interacted with various CCD manufacturers. Tony told me he already has several new ideas for his monthly “Astroimaging” column. And, from what I saw in the vendor area, there may be a few new reviews ahead as well. He’s planning to write a guest blog (that will appear here) after the conference concludes.

I talked to several vendors about new products. Paul Hobbs from Meade Instruments was happy to show off the company’s new LX800. Meade aimed this line of telescopes straight at astroimagers. Among many high points, the scopes feature the StarLock full-time automatic integrated guider. This unit assists with polar drift-alignment, finds and centers targets, and then automatically locks onto a field star as faint as 11th magnitude for guiding with an error no greater than 1". You don’t need a separate computer, you don’t have to select a guide star, and you don’t even have to focus. Just set up your camera and image. Paul and I sat at the same table at lunch and he was telling me how happy he was with the comments he’d already received. And the conference is barely four hours old!

The folks at Fishcamp Engineering also are busy readying new products. In fact, by the first of the year, the company plans to have four new CCD cameras available. Each will contain a different CCD sensor, so you’ll be able to pick your chip size, resolution, and price. You'll find more about the AIC at the conference website. To see more than 100 images by many AIC members, visit Astronomy magazine's AIC online photo gallery. And watch for more blogs throughout the weekend.


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Skywatch 2012 — A Preview

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Discover the Universe: Houston, Texas

It’s been a little while since our last update about Astronomy magazine’s Discover the Universe program, but Jim Wessel, educational outreach chairman of the Johnson Space Center Astronomical Society, remedies that with news on his group’s latest success. Jim writes:

The Johnson Space Center Astronomical Society helped sponsor this year’s Houston area Astronomy Day (A-Day), which fell on October 8. That also happened to be the same date as the International Observe the Moon Night — bonus! // All photos by Chris RandallThank you for the handouts you generously provided for use at our Houston area Astronomy Day (A-Day)! Because it happened October 8, the same evening as the International Observe the Moon Night (InOMN), we scored a beneficial twofer, and your Moon pamphlets were doubly effective. We laid Astronomy’s literature out on the “recruitment table,” which was manned by the seven participating clubs in the greater Houston area: the Houston Astronomical Society (HAS), the Fort Bend Astronomy Club (FBAC), the North Houston Astronomy Club (NHAC), the Astronomical Society of South East Texas (ASSET), the Huntsville Amateur Astronomy Society (HAAS), and the Community of Humble/Administaff Observatory Society (CHAOS).  The recruitment table was busy all afternoon and night with people from the public getting more information about joining one of the clubs and starting to enjoy the hobby of astronomy.

The support of various groups, including Astronomy magazine and the Lunar and Planetary Institute, helped make the event a success, with some 2,000 people attending.In discussions with the other A-Day organizers, we came up with a tally of approximately 2,150 people visiting the George Observatory over the entire day. We imagine it would have been much better attended, as it has been in years past, but the weather was not on our side: 75 percent cloud cover during the day, and 95 percent at night, plus a sprinkle of rain. However, we still consider this year a major success.

In addition to your handouts, we kept everyone excited with a variety of activities for both kids and adults, indoor and outdoor presentations, like a “How to make a comet” demonstration, and the Lunar and Planetary Institute’s InOMN display (featuring a real Moon rock!).

A-Day proved you don’t need perfect weather to have a successful event. The A-Day event provided activities and entertainment to capture the crowds’ attention throughout the day, such as this demonstration on “How to make a comet.” On behalf of the organizers and clubs of the Houston area Astronomy Day event, I want to say thank you again.

You’re very welcome, Jim! I’d have to agree that any event that attracts about more than 2,000 people is certainly a success, and we’re just happy to have played a small role. If you want to know how Astronomy magazine’s Discover the Universe program can help your club, please email me at bandrews@astronomy.com.


Astronomy.com blog

Skywatch 2012 – A Preview

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Chinese Supernova Keeps its Secrets

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent News Stories

IC 59 and IC 63 in Cassiopeia

These bright rims and flowing shapes suggest to some melting These bright rims and flowing shapes suggest to some melting



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Star Lab: Space Science on the Wings of Starfighters

4Frontiers Corporation is testing an experimental launcher that will be launched into space via the F-104 Starfighter jet aircraft. Photo Credit: Alan Walters/awaltersphoto.com

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla – A NewSpace company based out of New Port Richey in Florida is working to provide suborbital access to space for firms with scientific payloads. The Star Lab project is an experimental suborbital launcher that was created through a cooperative agreement between the 4Frontiers Corporation, Starfighters Aerospace, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and the University of Central Florida with funding provided by the NASA Florida Space Grant Consortium. (…)
Read the rest of Star Lab: Space Science on the Wings of Starfighters (591 words)


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Fermi finds super-energetic millisecond pulsar

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/3/2011
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Study of clay minerals suggests watery martian underground

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/3/2011
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Chinese Supernova Keeps its Secrets

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Russia Considers Simulated Mars Mission on the Space Station

A view of the International Space Station as seen by the last departing space shuttle crew, STS-135. Credit: NASA

Russia and ESA are just finishing up a 500-day simulated Mars mission here on Earth, and now Roscosmos, Russia’s Federal Space Agency is considering taking it to the next level and conducting a “virtual” Mars mission experiment in space, on board the International Space Station. This tentative plan would have two cosmonauts and/or astronauts staying on board the ISS for up to 18 months, matching the potential length of a manned Mars mission.
(…)
Read the rest of Russia Considers Simulated Mars Mission on the Space Station (173 words)


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Boeing to build commercial spacecraft at Kennedy, create 550 jobs

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/1/2011
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NGC 7380: The Wizard Nebula

What powers are being wielded in the Wizard Nebula? What powers are being wielded in the Wizard Nebula?



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Observations of gamma-ray burst reveal surprising ingredients of early galaxies

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/2/2011
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Hammer Versus Feather on the Moon

If you drop a hammer and a feather together, which reaches the ground first? If you drop a hammer and a feather together, which reaches the ground first?



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Eris and Pluto: Does Size Matter?

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Mini-Asteroid Makes a House Call

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

Subaru’s 3-D view of Stephan’s Quintet

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:11/1/2011
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Previewing the Advanced Imaging Conference 2011

The eighth annual Advanced Imaging Conference (AIC) promises to be the best one yet. The 2011 event is being held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Santa Clara, California, November 4–6. For the third straight year, Astronomy magazine is proud to be an editorial sponsor.

This year’s speakers include regular Astronomy contributors Adam Block (“ABCs of Image Processing”), Steve Cannistra (“Wide-field Image Processing”), R. Jay GaBany (“Awakening Your Astronomical Images”), Don Goldman (“Narrowband Filter Selection and Image Processing”), and Dean Salman (“Processing Tips Learned from the Sharpless Catalog Project”).

Ken Crawford, one of the conference’s organizers, told me that he expects about the same number of participants as last year, which would be approximately 300. And he was especially happy to report that 35 manufacturers would be setting up displays.

During the meeting, the AIC Board of Directors will present its most prestigious honor — the Hubble Award — to Ron Wodaski. The organization bestows the Hubble Award “to those individuals who have demonstrated significant and sustained contributions to the astrophotography community over a period of years.” As criteria, the board evaluates production of fine images, popularization through public outreach, technical innovation, scientific contributions, and selfless direct support of other imagers.

The conference committee released this blurb about the 2011 winner: “Ron Wodaski got his start in astrophotography in the 90s. When he couldn’t find the book he was looking for to explain how to do it, he wrote one out of desperation, assuming that if he needed help, so did everyone else. One day, out of the blue, he was offered the job of running the Tzec Maun Foundation by a reader of one of those books, and he said yes. Today, the Foundation offers free telescopes via the Internet to students all over the world.”

After the award presentation, Wodaski will give a talk titled “Cosmic Wonder.” In it, he’ll chat about his love of imaging and how he got started. He also will describe the Tzec Maun Foundation’s new 1-meter telescope to AIC members, and, in his words, “how we’re making it broadly available for research, for serious amateurs like you.”

This year, each attendee’s packet will contain Astronomy’s special issue Spectacular Universe, which contains 250 stunning pictures, every one by an amateur imager. I gave a short presentation about this project at last year’s AIC during which I asked members to send me their best work for inclusion. Many did, and I’m looking forward to personally thanking them during the conference.

To learn more about the 2011 AIC, visit the conference website. To see more than 100 images by many AIC members, visit Astronomy magazine’s AIC online photo gallery. And watch for my blogs and tweets throughout the weekend.


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Mini-Asteroid Makes a House Call

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Large Hadron Collider Finishes 2011 Proton Run

A new loop will be added to CERN's Antiproton Decelerator in 2016 to increase antiproton production at low energies. Credit: CERN

The world’s largest and highest-energy particle accelerator has been busy. At 5:15 p.m. on October 30, 2011, the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva, Switzerland reached the end of its current proton run. It came after 180 consecutive days of operation and four hundred trillion proton collisions. For the second year, the LHC team has gone beyond its operational objectives – sending more experimental data at a higher rate. But just what has it done? (…)
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S&T’s Audio Sky Tour for November 2011

With the return to Standard Time for North America and Europe, stargazers there can catch some of the evening’s offerings before dinnertime. Venus and Jupiter are planetary bookends at sunset, with Venus lurking low in the western twilight just as the King of Planets rises in the east.
SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Ghost of the Cepheus Flare

Spooky shapes seem to haunt Spooky shapes seem to haunt



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Planets smashed into dust near supermassive black holes

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:10/31/2011
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White Rock Fingers on Mars

What caused this unusual light rock formation on Mars?  What caused this unusual light rock formation on Mars?



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To Boldly Go Where No Beer Has Gone Before

Credit: Vostok Pty Ltd.

For those who aspire to be a space tourist and who also love their beer, this story is for you. A company in Sydney, Australia wants to be the first to offer specially-made brews just for space travel. If they get their wish, you may soon be able to relax in your space taxi or in an orbiting hotel and have your favourite beverage as you enjoy the view.

(…)
Read the rest of To Boldly Go Where No Beer Has Gone Before (340 words)


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New NOVA shows take on the universe

Do you ever wonder what space-time, that mystical fabric of the universe, really is? Have you heard of the more interesting effects of physics, stuff like time dilation and quantum tunneling, but just can’t wrap your mind around the ideas? Would you, in short, like a better picture of the universe?

Physicist and author Brian Greene will host a four-part NOVA series this November titled “The Fabric of the Cosmos.” // Photo courtesy of WGBHWell, besides reading Astronomy magazine every month, you can tune in to a special NOVA series airing in November titled The Fabric of the Cosmos. Based on a book by physicist and science communicator Brian Greene, the shows will air the first four Wednesdays of November at 9 p.m. ET/PT on PBS, starting on the 2nd.

I got a chance to see some of these episodes early and, as usual with NOVA’s shows, was impressed. Greene has a knack for descriptions that just make sense, no matter how strange the phenomenon he’s talking about. A novice viewer will learn a surprising amount, and even those familiar with science will enjoy simple new ways to think about the strangest bits of the cosmos. Plus, the shows feature engaging sights and sounds among its interviews with scientists — a beautiful desert landscape one second, a visualization of the Big Bang the next — sure to hold any viewer’s interest.

The first episode investigates “What is space?” and how interesting a concept empty space can prove to be, while the following week’s show focuses on “The illusion of time,” with its many unexpected mysteries and paradoxes. The third episode, on November 16, takes a “Quantum leap” into the crazy quirkiness of the subatomic world, and the final episode ends on a grand note, asking “Universe or multiverse?”

Fans of NOVA, fans of science, and fans of entertainment alike should keep an eye out for this special series. And, after it airs, feel free to come back and share your thoughts in the comments section below.


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NASA in final preparations for November 8 asteroid flyby

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:10/31/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Tour November’s Sky by Eye and Ear!

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3-D View From Subaru – Stephan’s Quintet

Composite tricolor images of Stephan's Quintet using H-alpha filters with a recession velocity of 0 (left image) and a recession velocity of 4,200 miles per second (right image).

While this isn’t a true “cross eye” image, you can darn sure open the larger version, set it to screen size, cross your eyes and get a pretty astonishing result. If you don’t “get it”, then don’t worry. Just look at the pictures separately, because the Subaru Telescope has added a whole new dimension to a seasonal favorite – Stephen’s Quintet. Located in the constellation of Pegasus (RA 22 35 57.5 – Dec +33 57 36), this awesome little galaxy group also known as HIckson Compact Group 92 and Arp 319. In visual observation terms, there’s five – but only four are actually a compact group. The fifth is much closer… (…)
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Closing the Clamshell on a Martian Curiosity

Curiosity’s Martian Clamshell
In the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, sections of an Atlas V rocket payload fairing engulf NASA's Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) as they close in around it. The blocks on the interior of the fairing are components of the fairing acoustic protection (FAP) system, designed to protect the payload by dampening the sound created by the rocket during liftoff. Launch of MSL aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket is planned for Nov. 25 from Space Launch Complex-41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

Curiosity’s clamshell has been closed.

And it won’t open up again until a few minutes after she blasts off for the Red Planet in just a little more than 3 weeks from now on Nov. 25, 2011 – the day after Thanksgiving celebrations in America.

The two halves of the payload fairing serve to protect NASA’s next Mars rover during the thunderous ascent through Earth’s atmosphere atop the powerful Atlas V booster rocket that will propel her on a fantastic voyage of hundreds of millions of miles through interplanetary space.

Spacecraft technicians working inside the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida have now sealed Curiosity and her aeroshell inside the payload fairing shroud. The fairing insulates the car sized robot from the intense impact of aerodynamic pressure and heating during ascent. At just the right moment it will peal open and be jettisoned like excess baggage after the rocket punches through the discernable atmosphere.(…)
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Astrophoto: Iridium 12 Flare by Riad Hamamieh

Astrophoto: Iridium 12 Flare by Riad Hamamieh

Iridium 12 Flare. Credit: Riad Hamamieh

This photo of the Iridium 12 flare was captured by Riad Hamamieh on October 15, 2011 at at 7:42 PM in Beirut, Lebanon.

Iridium 12 is one of the 66 active Iridium communication satellites orbiting the Earth. It was launched on June 18, 1997.

Riad used a Canon Powershot SX210 IS camera with CHDK. Camera is set at 32 sec exposure, f3.5 and ISO 400. It was cropped and adjusted using Photoshop CS3.

For more photos from Riad, here’s a link to his Flickr page.

Want to get your astrophoto featured on Universe Today? Join our Flickr group, post in our Forum or send us your images by email (this means you’re giving us permission to post them). Please explain what’s in the picture, when you took it, the equipment you used, etc.



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Success ! Launch Video of Crucial Russian Rocket to ISS puts Human Flights back on Track

Video caption: Liftoff of unmanned Russian Progress craft atop Soyuz booster on Oct. 30, 2011 from Baikonur Cosmodrome. Credit: NASA TV/Roscosmos.
Photos and rocket rollout video below

The very future of the International Space Station was on the line this morning as the Russian Progress 45 cargo ship successfully launched this morning from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 6:11 a.m. EDT (4:11 p.m. Baikonur time) on Oct. 30, 2011, bound for the ISS.

Today’s (Oct. 30) blastoff of the Soyuz rocket booster that is used for both the Progress cargo resupply missions and the Soyuz manned capsules was the first since the failure of the third stage of the prior Progress 44 mission on August 24 which crashed in Siberia.
(…)
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This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Articles

Spiral Galaxy NGC 3370 from Hubble

Is this what our own Milky Way Galaxy looks like from far away? Is this what our own Milky Way Galaxy looks like from far away?



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Apollo Astronaut Returns “Stolen” Camera

Apollo 14 astronaut Ed Mitchell on the Moon, February 5, 1971. Credit: NASA.

In a follow-up to a recent Universe Today article, Apollo astronaut and sixth-man-on-the-moon Ed Mitchell has agreed to return a lunar Data Acquisition Camera (DAC) that he kept from the Apollo 14 mission, rather than face a court date next year over a suit filed by NASA in June.

(…)
Read the rest of Apollo Astronaut Returns “Stolen” Camera (266 words)


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Tour November’s Sky by Eye and Ear!

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

October Skylights

As northern hemisphere nights grow longer, As northern hemisphere nights grow longer,



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PacMan Nebula Takes A “Bite” Out Of Space

n visible light, the star-forming cloud catalogued as NGC 281 in the constellation of Cassiopeia appears to be chomping through the cosmos, earning it the nickname the "Pacman" nebula after the famous Pac-Man video game of the 1980s. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA

If you have a large telescope and an appetite for nebulae, then you’ve probably seen the Pac Man Nebula. Located 9,200 light years away in the constellation Cassiopeia, NGC 281 (RA 00 52 59.3 – Dec +56 37 19) is a seasonal favorite… and in this new image it’s showing a real “Halloween” face! (…)
Read the rest of PacMan Nebula Takes A “Bite” Out Of Space (218 words)


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This Week’s Sky at a Glance

SkyandTelescope.com’s Most Recent Observing Stories

NASA Issues Report On Commercial Crew as SpaceX’s CEO Testifies About SpaceX’s Progress

NASA has released its third status report concerning the progress of the Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) program. Photo Credit: SpaceX

NASA has recently posted the latest update as to how the Commercial Crew Development 2 (CCDev2) program is doing in terms of meeting milestones laid out at the program’s inception. According to the third status report that was released by NASA, CCDev2’s partners continue to meet these objectives. The space agency has worked to provide regular updates about the program’s progress.(…)
Read the rest of NASA Issues Report On Commercial Crew as SpaceX’s CEO Testifies About SpaceX’s Progress (568 words)


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Astronomers pin down galaxy collision rate

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:10/28/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Russia Fuels Phobos-Grunt and sets Mars Launch for November 9

The Phobos-Grunt spacecraft is scheduled blastoff on November 9, 2011 from Baikonur Cosmodrome. It will reach Mars orbit in 2012 and eventually land on Phobos and return the first ever soil samples back to Earth in 2014. Credit Roscosmos

Russia’s Space Agency, Roscosmos, has set November 9 as the launch date for the Phobos-Grunt mission to Mars and its tiny moon Phobos. Roscosmos has officially announced that the audacious mission to retrieve the first ever soil samples from the surface of Phobos will blastoff from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan atop a Zenit-2SB rocket at 00:26 a.m. Moscow time.

Roskosmos said that engineers have finished loading all the propellants into the Phobos-Grunt main propulsion module (cruise stage), Phobos lander and Earth return module at Facility 31 at Baikonur. (…)
Read the rest of Russia Fuels Phobos-Grunt and sets Mars Launch for November 9 (395 words)


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Asteroid Lutetia: Postcard from the past

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:10/28/2011
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The week in pictures: October 22–28, 2011

Astronomy Magazine News Article – Released:10/28/2011
Astronomy.com News – Presented by Astronomy Magazine

Delightful doctoral dancing

Well, it’s official! Science has announced the winner of the fourth annual “Dance your Ph.D.” contest. The grand prize goes to Joel Miller, a biomedical engineer at the University of Western Australia in Perth, who performed “Microstructure-Property relationships in Ti2448 components produced by Selective Laser Melting: A Love Story” (see the video below).

Miller gets not only $ 1,000 and a free trip to Belgium to be crowned champion, but also the admiration and respect of all fellow artistically inclined science nerds. (There are more than you might think!) I’ve always enjoyed the contest and think it’s a great way to enjoy the awesome achievement that is a Ph.D., as well as help spread the word on nifty scientific concepts. As you can imagine, I’m always in favor of making complicated science understandable to the average person, especially in such a fun way.

I’ll confess that I was rooting for fellow MIT alum Stephen Steiner to win for his energetic “Carbon Nanotube Growth on Challenging Substrates: Applications for Carbon-Fiber Composites,” but Miller definitely deserves the 2011 award. Unlike the other 54 entries this year, he didn’t actually film his dance, because he says no one involved had a video camera. Instead, they shot about 2,200 still pictures to produce a stop motion animation dance that helps explain Miller’s research into creating an ideal form of titanium for human hip replacement.

Miller’s was the top choice in the physics category, and the other category winners (in chemistry, biology, and social sciences) will receive $ 500 each for dances on X-ray crystallography, fruit fly sex, and pigeon courtship. Check out all 16 finalists if you find yourself thirsty for more science or dance.

Some of the tunes are catchy enough that you might just have Ph.D. research stuck in your head all day! Which is your favorite? Have you actually entered the contest, or thought about it? What do you think of the idea of explaining science through dance?


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Eris and Pluto: Does Size Matter?

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